Process and apparatus for manufacturing hollow masts, pipes, hollow piles, &amp;c.



PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907. H. SIEGWART.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW MASTS, PIPES, HOLLOWPILBS, 6w. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 12. 1906.

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No. 839,895. PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907. H. SIEGWART. PROCESS AND APPARATUSFOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW MASTS, PIPES,

HOLLOW FILES, 6E0. APPLICATION FILED JULY 12.1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS SIEGWART, OF LUCERNE, SWITZERLAND.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW MASTS, PIPES, HOLLOWFILES, &c.

- Specification of Letters I atent.

Patented Jan. 1, 1907.

Application filed July 12, 1906. Serial ll'o. 325,889.

To all whom, it may concern..-

Be it known that I, HANS SIEGWART, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing at-Lucerne, Switzerland, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in; Processes and Apparatus for ManufacturingHol low Masts, Pipes, Hollow Piles, and other Like Structures; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhichit appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the,accompanying. drawings, and. to figures of reference marked thereon,

which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a method and ap-, paratus for manufacturinghollow masts, pipes, hollow piles, and other like structures fromconcrete or iron concrete. The manufacture is characterized by theconcrete mass with the stiffening parts being helically wound understrong pressure in strips round a core intended to form the hollowspace, and which is subsequently removed, a band or conveyer beingprovided for that purpose, which is partly wound in a helical line aboutthe core, and on which band the concrete mass to be wound is deposited.This endless band transports the concrete mass to the core, the bandportion, guided in a helical line round the core, and applying theconcrete mass on the core with pressure.

The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, a machine formanufacturing masts for carrying out the process according to thisinvention.

Figure 1 shows the machine in partial side elevation. Fig. 2 is apartial plan, and Fi 3 a partial front elevation. Fig. 4. shows'agrammatically, on a smaller scale, in plan, the machine with adriving-frame and the core serving for producing the hollow space.

The core 1, extending from left to right obli uely relatively to theperson looking at the awings, has the shape of a rod of circularcross-section and serves for manufacture of a mast. About the said coreis wound in two adjacent helically-Wound strips a portion of an endlessband 2, which is passed round the core twice and stretched between tworollers 3 and 4. The roller 3, arranged.

on a frame 8, arranged longitudinally of the frame 6 and above the saidframe 6. The

frame 8 is adjustable relatively to the frame tal spindle 10, rotatable,but not longitudi-' nally movable, in the frame 6. The said spindle isrovided with ascrew-thread 11 and exten sparallel to the longitudinaldirection of the frame 6. The frame 6 is supported on brackets 12,carried by a bottom plate 13. On the bottom plate is mounted an electrioof other motor 14, intended to drive the spindle 5 by means of a gear15, a spindle 16, and worm-wheels 17 1'8. Above the pulley 3 is arrangeda chargin device provided with a hopper 19, arranged between two plates20 20*, by which it is supported. (In Fig. 3 half of the charging deviceis shown in section.) Of the said sulpporting-plates arrangedtransversely of t e frame 6 the plate 20* is supported by the frame 6direct and the plate 20 by means of a transverse bar. The bottom openingof the hopper 19, which has an oblong rectangular form and ,thelongitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal direction ofthe frame, is closed by a roller 21, supported in the plates 20 and 20*,the spindle 22 of the said roller being also parallel to thelongitudinal direction of the frame 6. This roller is provided on thecircumference with radial ribs 23, extending in the longitudinal direction of the roller. To the lef-thand end portion of the spindle 22 issecured a ratchetwheel 23*, with which engages a awl' 25, mounted on anarm 24:, pivoted a out the spindle 22, Figs. 1 and3. The arm 24 is oerated by a chain-wheel 26, mounted on t e frame 6, bymeans of apivotedrod28, engaging at one end with the arm 24 and at the other end with alink 29, pivoted about 20*, and of a pivoted rod 31 engagin on the onehand, with the link 29 and, on t e other hand, witha stud 30, arran edeccentrically of the pivotpin of the whee 26, the said chain-wheel 26receiving its rotation by means of a chain 32 from a chain-wheel 33,secured to the shaft 16. Outside on the sup orting-plate 20* aremounted, by means of rackets, two pulleys 34, from which metal bands 35are guided under a guide-roll 36, mounted on 20*, Figs. 1 and 2, overthe portion of the band 2 passing over the pulley 3, so as to extend inthe longitudinal direction of the'said band. A press-roller 37, mountedon 20*, is intended IOO IIO

to be pressed by suitable means (not shown in the drawings) against theband 2.

To the right-haanl end of the frame 6 are secured. two parallelhorizontal U-bars 38, (extending in the longitudinal direction of theframe 6,) the outer ends of which U-bars are connected together by astay 39. Under the said bars a horizontal spindle 40 is supportedtransversely of the same in the slotted plates 7, the said spindlecarrying on its end portions projecting outside the bars leverarms 41,which extend in the same direction and are of the same length and eachof which carries at its free end a weight 42, the two arms beingconnected together by a stay 43. Between the bars are secured to thespindle 40 short lever-arms 44, the free ends of which are connected bypivoted rods 44* to the ends of the spindle 4*. In this way, owing tothe action of the weights 42, the endless band 2 is kept taut andstretched.

At the right-hand end of the frame 8 are arranged two obliqueupwardly-extending arms 43, inclined toward the core 1, Figs. 1 and 3,which arms are of the same length and have their free ends connectedtogether by means of a rod 44**, rotatable in the said ends. In thecenter of the length of the said rod is secured a body 45, on which ahorizontal roll 54 is mounted by means of a rod 46 and two angle-levers47, provided with weights 55 at their outer ends, in such mannor that itcan swing out horizontally and swing about the axis of rotation of therod 44**. This roll comes then to rest against the band guided round thecore and is pressed against it by the weights 55. Guide arms or stays 48are rotatably mounted on the frame 6, and the lovers 43 can be securedin the slots of said arms at any level and fixed by means of screw-bolts49.

The base 13 rests on a rotating frame 50, which is shown in Figs. 2 and4, by a dotted line. This rotating frame is supported by a carriage 51,Fig. 4, which runs on parallel rails 52, between which the core 1 isarranged in the central longitudinal direction and so that it can rotatebetween fixed points 53.

Before proceeding to describe the working of the machine it must bepointed out that Fig. 2 shows the correct position of the axes of thepulleys 3 and 4 and of the core, while in Figs. 1 and 3 the said axesand the core have been assumed to be at right angles to the longitudinalaxis of the frame 6 in order -to facilitate drawing.

The working of the apparatus is as follows: After having filled thehopper 19 with concrete the motor 14 is started. When its spindle 16rotates in the direction of the arrows in the drawings, it drives thespindle 5 in the direction indicated, whereby the portion of the band 2situated above the pulley 3 is moved toward the core 1. At the same timethe spindle 16 rotates the chain-wheel 26,

which by means of the parts 31, 29, 28, 24, and 25 advances theratchet-wheel 23*, so that the drum 21 is intermittently rotated, andowing to the arrangement of the ribs 23 a quantity of concrete corresonding to the movement of the Wheel 23* is dischar ed on the portion ofthe band coming from the upper surface of the ulley 3. This concrete,which is uniformly distributed .over the whole width of the band bymeans of a suitable device, not shown in the drawings, in Fig. 3 onlythe band 2 is indicated, and the concrete mass uniformly distributed onthe band is shown dotted,) is conveyed by the band toward the core andcarried round it in the shape of a helical strip and at the same time isressed against the core, owing to the band eing stretched by the weights42, so that the strips come to he next to one another and form a closedor continuous casing or layer round the core. At the same time forstiffening the said layer or coat the metal bands 35 from the pulleys 34are wound round the core, together with the concrete carried round thecore. Owing .to the movement of the band, which is guided below from thepulley 4 back to the roller 3, the core is rotated in the direction ofthe arrows shown in Fig. 4, the whole machine being at the same timecaused to move in the direction of the arrows. The machine moves,therefore, automatically forward as the operation is proceeding. Theroll 54 is intended to relieve the portion of the band between the rolland the press-roller 37 from the pressure produced by the Weights 42, sothat the said band portion Will sag, the object of which is to enablethe concrete to be introduced between the core and the band withoutfirst pressing it on the core, as would be necessary if the said bandportion were quite taut, and at the same time the roll 54 increases thedensity of the concrete by pressing the roll against the concretewinding. After the Whole core has been coated in the manner describedwith a layer of concrete a stiffening device consisting of rodsextending in the longitudinal direction of the mast and connectedtogether is preferably placed on the said layer, and then another layerof concrete is put on in the manner described. The second layer can beWithout stiffening device. Then instead of the pulleys 34 a singleroller could be rovided, and a strip of fabric of the same Width as theband 2 could be wound from the said single roller, together with theconcrete, so that the said strip of fabric comes to lie outside. Theobject of the said strip of fabric is to prevent the concrete fromadhering to the band 2, and it is subsequently removed again from themast.

In manufacturing conical or taper masts the action of the weights 42regulates the length of the band portion guided round the core to suitthe taper of the core, and the band is at the same time stretched, therotat-- to right, whereby the weights are raised by means of theintermediate parts 44, 44*, 40, and 41.

The thickness of the stri of concrete a plied by means of the ban 2depends on t e quantity of the concrete discharged by the hopper 19 ontothe band. In order to enable this quantity-to be regulated, the point ofattachment of the pivot-rod 28 to the link 29 is adjustable. To that endthe said point can be brought nearer to or moved away from the pivot:oint of the link, teeth being provided on the k 29 for the purpose offixing the rod 28 relatively to the link 29, and then a handlever 28*,which is connected to the rod '28,

can engage with the said teeth by means of a tooth 28** for the purposeof fixlng the parts in osition.

, en the last-named point of attachment is brought nearer to theplvot-point of the line 29, the intermittent rotation of theratchetwheel 23* becomes smaller, and therefore the periodical dischar eof concrete from the hopper is also reduced Instead of moving the aparatus along the core by means of the ban 2 it can be rovided with adriving mechanism indepen ent of the band 2', or it can always remain inthe same osition, the core then having to be move instead of themachine. The band instead of being in one piece, as illustrated, canalso be made of several suitably-connected partsfor instance, of severaladjacent longi tudinal parts or strips.

The core 1 is preferably hollow and of such construction that itscircumference can be reduced by drawing together the walls of the coretransversely of its longitudinal axis in order to facilitate its removalfrom the mast.

. The machine described can also be utilized for manufacturing pipes,hollow piles, or similar hollow structures. Hollow bodies can also beprepared according to this invention without stifiening devices.

I claim l. The process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles such asmasts, pipes, piles, and the like from concrete in which the lastic massof concrete is placed under a big pres sure, in the shape of a strip,helicallyrounda core subsequently removed, so that the strip is formedinto acasing constituting one piece, that is to say, the complete bodyto be manufactured.

2, A process for manufacturing hollow tubulararticles from armoredconcrete, in

which the mass is helically placedunder high pressure in the shape of astri round a core subsequently removed, so t at the strip forms a casinforming one piece and inwhich, simultaneous y with the winding of thestrip, are also applied strengthenin -strips, fbr in stance, iron bandsor wire-wolis.

3. A process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles from concrete andarmored concrete,.in which the mass is wound under high pressure in theshape of a helical strip about a core subsequent yremoved, so that thestri forms a casing constituting one iece an the helicalwindm of themass is efi ected by a tightly-stretche band moving in the lon itudmaldirection the band being wound a out the corein ahelical line, and ontowhich is discharged the concrete mass be fed onto the band in order tobe conveye by the band to the core and pressed around the latter.

4'. A. process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles from concreteand armored concrete, in which the mass is lacedunder high ressure, inthe shape of a elical strip, round a core subsequently removed, so thatthe strip combines into a casing forming one piece, and the helical aplication of the mass is effected by means 0 a ti htly-stretched bandmoving in its longitu al direction, which is artly guided round thecoreand onto which the concrete is discharged from a charging device, inorder to be conveyed by the band to the core and to be pressed on thelatter by the tightness of the said band.

5. A process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles such as masts,pipes, piles, &c., from concrete and armored concrete, in which theplastic concrete mass is applied under high pressure, in the shape of ahelical strip and 1n layers, about a core subsequently removed, so thatthe strip is formed into a casing, all in one piece, which constitutesthe finished hollow body to be manufactured.

6. A process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles, such as masts,pipes, piles, &c., from armored concrete, in which the plastic concretemass is applied under highpressure, in the shape of a helical strip andin layers, round a core subsequently removed, so that the strip combinesinto one casing, forming one piece and constitutin the finished hollowbody to be produce applying a first layer containing a band-shapedstrengthening device extending in thedirection of the strip.

7. A process for manufacturing hollow tubular articles such as masts,pipes, iles, &c., from armored concrete, in which t e plastic concretemass is placed under high pressure, in the shape of a helical strip andin layers, round a core subsequently removed, so that the strip iscombined into a casing forming one piece and constituting the finishedhollow body to be produced, applyin to the core a first layer containinga ban -shaped st rcngthening device, extending in the direction of thestrip, and ap lying between this first layer and the secon layer astrengthening device extending in the longitudinal direction of the.structure.

8. In a machine for the manufacture of hollow tubular articles such asmasts, pipes, piles, &c., from concrete and armored concrete, a carriagewith two pulleys over which is guided an endless band which is partlywound in a helical line round a core to effect the application of theconcrete on the core, said carriage guiding the band along the sta'tionary core.

9. In a machine for the manufacture of hollow tubular articles, such asmasts,pipes, piles,&c., from concrete, and armored concrete, acarriagewith two pulleys mounted on it, over which is guided an endlessband which is partly wound in a helical line round a core, and effectsthe application of the concrete on the core, one of the two pulleysbeing movable in the direction of the band.

. 10. In a machine for the manufacture of hollow tubular articles suchas masts, pipes, piles, &c. from concrete and armored concrete, acarriage with two pulleys mounted on the same over which is guided anendless band which is partly wound in a helical line round a core andeffects the application of concrete on the core, one of the said twopulleys being movable in the direction of the band, and for its movementlevers and weights being provided.

11. In a machine for the manufacture of hollow tubular articles, such asmasts, pipes, piles, &c., from concrete and armored concrete, a carriagehaving the shape of a rotating disk with two pulleys mounted on it, overwhich is guided an endless band which is partly wound in a helical lineround a core, and effects the application of the concrete on the core,and of which one pulley is movable in the direction of the band.

12. In a machine for the manufacture of hollow tubular articles such asmasts, ipes, piles, &c., from concrete and armored crete, a carriagewith two pulleys mounted on it, over which is guided an endless band,partly wound in a helical line round a core, and effecting theapplication of the concrete on the core, and with pressure-rollers, oneof which rests against a portion of the band wound round the core, andthe other press ing the band against the pulley from which it is guidedthrough the core.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a core andmeans to distribute a plastic material progressively along the same,said means imparting rotation to the core.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination of an endlesscarrier and a core, said carrier passing around the core at one portionof its travel and said core making an angle other than a right anglewith the running-on and running-off portions of the carrier.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of an endless carrier passing around the core at oneport-ion of its travel,the running-on and running-off portions thereofmaking an angle other than a right angle with the core, and means fordepositing a plastic material onto the running-on portion of thecarrier.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a core, andmeans traveling along the core to distribute a plastic material thereon.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of a frame, a carrier mounted thereon traveling aroundthe core and adapted to impart a relative movement to the frame andcore.

18. 111 a machine of the class described,

the combination with stationary supports and a core pivotally mountedtherein, of a frame, an endless carrier passing around the core, rotarysupports for the carrier, and means to operate the rotary supportswhereby the carrier is moved along the core.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of an endless carrier passing around the core at oneportion of its travel, means for automatically maintaining the carriertaut, and means for depositing a plastic material onto the carrier.

20. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of an endless carrier passing around the core at oneportion of its travel, the running-on andv running-ofi portions thereofmaking 'an' angle other than a right angle with the longitudinal 'axisof the core, a feed-roller and an idle roller supporting the carrier,and means to automatically move the idle roller in the direction oftravel of the carrier.

2]. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of an endless carrier passing around the core at oneportion of its travel, a feed-roller and an idle roller supporting thecarrier, means to automatically maintain a portion of the carrier taut,and means to cause a portion thereof to sa 52. In a machine of the classdescribed, the combination with a rotatable core, of an endless carrierpassing around the core at one portion of its travel, a feed-roller andanidle roller supporting the carrier, means to sag the carrier betweenthe feed-roller and core, and means to hold the carrier taut between thecore and idle roller.

23. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, of an endless carrier passing around the core at oneportion of its travel, a feed-roller and an idle 7 ed to sag a portionof the carrier, and means lastic material onto the carrier between theeed-roller and core, a pressure device adaptto maintain the carrier tautbetween the pres sure device and the idle roller.

24. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a rotatable core, a feed roller, an idle roller, anendlessband wound around the core and passing over the rollers,

means to feed a plastic material onto the band between the core andfeed-roller, a gravityo erated member engaging the band between 1 t ecore and the idle roller and means to automatically movethe latter awayfrom the core for the purpose specified.

25. In a machine of the class described, the combination with arotatable core, a frame, a feed-roller and an idle roller journaled inthe frame, means to rotate the feedroller and an endless band woundaround the .core passin over the rollers, of a support for the idle roler comprising slotted bearingplates, a spindle can'lyl in the idleroller mounted therein, wei ted lever-arms piv-' oted in the bearing-pates, and means connectin the levers-arms and s indle.

26. a machine of the c ass described, the combination with themainframeof a supplemental frame mounted in the main frame, slottedbearing-plates carried by the supplemental frame, an idle roller, aspindle carrying the latter mounted in the bearingates, latter, weig tedlevers earned by the supporting-spindle, arms connected to the latter atan angle to the weighted levers, links connectin t e arms with theroller-spindle, a feed-ro er mounted'in the main frame, and

an endless carrier connecting the feed and:

idle rollers.

27. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the mainframe, of a supplemental frame ad'ustably mounted in the main frame,slott bearing-plates car--. ried by the supplemental frame, an idleroller, a spindle t erefor mounted in the slots of the supplementalframe, a supportingspindle journaled in the bearing-p ates, levers fixedon the latter spindle, a weight a supporting-spindle journaled in themounted on the free ends of the levers, arms fixed on thesupporting-spindle at an angle to the levers, links connecting the armswith the spindle, a feed-roller mounted in the main frame, a rotatablecore mounted between the feed and idle rollers, and an endless bandwound around the core passing over the rollers.

28. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a framing,of a feedroller and an idle roller supported thereby, a rotatable coremounted between the rollers, an endless band wound around the corepassing over the rollers, upwardly-extending arms pivoted on thefrannng, a pressure-r01 supported by said arms and means to press therolleragainst the endless band.

29. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the mainframe, of a feed-roller journaled therein, a supplemental frameadjustabl mounted in the main frame, an idle ro l'er journaled in the suplemental frame, a rotatable core mounte between the rollers, an endlessband wound around the core passing over the rollers, arms ivoted on thesupplemental frame incline toward the core, a rod connecting the freeends of the arms, a supportin member carried by the rod, a roller ournaed in the supporting member, and means connected wit 1 the supportmember to press the roller ainst the diidless band.

30. he combination with the endless carrier, the supporting-rollers, therotatable core, a ho per mounted above the carrier in front of t 1ecore, a rotatable bottom in the hop er, of a ratchet-wheel connectedwith the ottom, a. pawl in engagement with the ratchet-wheel, a link 29,means for adjust- HANS SIEGWART. Witnesses;

A, Lmnnmmnorrr, E. BLUM.

